Pages: (19-40 )
Abstract
This study examined the effect of economic integration on morbidity rates in Nigeria, addressing a key gap in understanding health impacts in developing economies. Using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and the Granger causality models with data from 1990 to 2023, it examined variables such as malaria incidence, trade openness, foreign direct investment (FDI), and government health spending. Short-run ARDL results indicate significant negative effects of FDI, trade openness, and government health expenditure on morbidity rates, with a stable adjustment toward long-run equilibrium. Long-run estimates confirmed that FDI significantly reduces morbidity, while trade openness and health expenditure showed no significant long-term effects. Post-estimation diagnostics validate the model’s reliability. Granger causality tests revealed that morbidity influences both FDI and trade openness, suggesting that health conditions may affect economic activities. The study concluded that economic integration can positively impact public health if supported by effective policies ensuring equitable healthcare access and improved institutional governance. Aligning integration with health priorities is crucial for maximizing globalization’s benefits for population well-being.
Keywords: ARDL model, economic integration, foreign direct investment, morbidity rate, public health,