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Abstract
The urinary system is prone to plethora of urinary tract infections. It accounts for substantial morbidity and mortality among patients of all ages, because of the menace of bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics[1] . Current studies demonstrated that silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) facilitate effective drug delivery to the target site. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the antibacterial activities of the crude extract and AgNPs mediated by ethanol stem bark of C. sieberiana against uropathogenic bacteria. Ethanol extracts of C. sieberiana was obtained by maceration and the AgNPs was biosynthesized using the extract. Phytochemical screening of the crude and AgNPs extracts were carried out using standard methods. They were characterized using UV-visible Spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Pathogenic bacteria were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) was determined using macro-broth dilution method. Phytochemical screening of crude extract and AgNPs revealed the presence of reducing sugars, terpenoids, saponins, phenols, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids, phlobatanins, tannins and cardiac glycosides. The UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, TEM and EDS confirmed the formation of AgNPs. The MIC of the C. sieberiana ethanol extract ranged between 12.5-25 mg/mL, while the AgNPs had MIC value of 25 μg/mL against the bacteria. The study concluded that the biosynthesised AgNPs displayed higher antibacterial activities than the crude extract. Therefore, it is recommended that medical practitioners could use C. sieberiana biosynthesized AgNPs as a potential therapeutic agent to combat the menace of antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic bacteria.
[1]Changing the pathogenic bacteria to uropathogenic bacteria in the topic is when this introduction can fit in
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Biosynthesized AgNPs, Cassia sieberiana, C. sieberiana stem bark , Urinary tract infections, Uropathogenic bacteria,