ActaSATECH Journal of Life and Physical Sciences: ISSN: 15971007

Quantitative Phytochemical Screening, HPLC Analysis, Antioxidant and Analgesic Activities of Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev (Gentianaceae) Leaves

Authors: M Amos-Tautua B, Return O , Ajoko I T,

Pages: (28-46 )

Abstract

Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev is widely used in traditional medicine to treat a wide range of diseases. 
The study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, quantify the total flavonoid and phenolic 
content, and analyze the flavonoid constituents using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). 
Additionally, it will evaluate antioxidant and analgesic effects of the methanol leaf extract in rats through 
in vivo experiments. Antioxidant activity was measured utilizing the ferric reducing antioxidant power 
(FRAP) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl) radical scavenging assays. HPLC was utilized to 
profile the flavonoid compounds. Standard procedures were employed for the qualitative phytochemical 
screening of the plant extract. The extract's analgesic activity was evaluated using the hot plate model in 
rats. The study reveals the existence of secondary metabolites, comprising of tannins, cardiac glycosides, 
saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids and alkaloids. The extract gave phenolics, flavonoid content and DPPH 
scavenging  activity  of  22.72±0.18  mg  GAE/g,  100.37±0.73  mg  QE/mg  and  71.01±0.15mg  QE/mg 
respectively. The FRAP assay revealed that ascorbic acid had noticeably more reducing power than the 
methanolic A. djalonensis leaf extract at all concentrations examined. The extract demonstrated notable 
analgesic effect in the hot plate model (γΊ®< 0.005), as evidenced by the increased reaction time of the rats 
to 12.00±5.00 seconds after treatment, compared to the control group (6.0±1.00 sec). HPLC analysis 
revealed  the  presence  of  twenty-one  flavonoid  compounds  consisting  of  catechin,  rutin,  hesperidin, 
quercetin, hesperetin as major flavonoids. The research reveals that the leaf extract of  A. djalonensis 
contains  phytochemicals,  including  flavonoids  that  exhibit  antioxidant  and  analgesic  properties. 
Consequently, utilizing the leaf portion of this plant could be a potential approach for pain management.

Keywords: Anthocleista djalonensis, analgesic and antioxidant activities, flavonoids, HPLC,

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